Twyer for forges.



5. 1. O T 9 m l H l; S 2 S T m H U n J na D .(1 E i/ll mi s? N ialru E Ill M Pm M. UIQ S1 LMA oRm Mmmm IBN TEN SYT Tl. A Rww HTL C n Im A No. 793,350. PATENTBD JUNE 27, 1905. J. CHRISTIAN w L. S. JUDD.

TWYER FOR FORGES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 20, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHBET 2.

IJNITED STATES PATENT Patented June 27, 1905.

OFFICE.

JOHN CHRISTIAN, OF HYDRAULIC, COLORADO, AND LOUIS S. JUDD, OF OAK PARK, ILLINOIS.

TWYER FOR FORGES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 798,350, dated June 27, 1905.

Application filed August 20,1904. Serial No. 221,543.

To all zult/)7n it 71mg/ conc/3772,;

Be it known that we, JOIIN CHRISTIAN, residing at Hydraulic, Montrose county, Colorado, and LoUIs S. J UDI), residing at Oak Park, Cook 5 county, Illinois, citizens of the United States,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Twyers for Forges, of which the following is a specification.

This invention Ielates to twyers for forges,

D and refers more specifically to an improved construction of the character referred to particularly adapted `for use in connection with blacksmiths forges.

Among the salient objects of the invention 5 are to provide a construction in which the airblast is passed through an extended tortuous course of passage, within which it becomes highly heated, so that the blast which reaches the fire is highly heated; to provide a simple,

D compact, and symmetrical construction of the character referred to composed of few and easily-constructed parts, which may be readily taken apart and assembled; to provide improved means for controlling the blast-outlet 5 whereby the distribution of the blast is controlled and modified to suit varying' conditions; to provide means for regulating the volume of the blast entering the twyer; to provide an improved construction which enables the twyer to bereadil y cleared of ashes and also facilitates the interchanging of different blastcontrolling caps employed therewith; and in general to provide a simple and improved construction of the character referred to.

3 Io the above ends the invention consists in the matters hereinafter described, and Inore particularly pointed out in the appended claims, and the invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the description,

and in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a preferred embodiment of our invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a plan view of 5 the lower member of the twyer-body and connected nozzle, the upper Inain body member being removed and parts of the inlet-pipe being broken away. Fig. et is a longitudinal vertical sectional View taken on line 44 of Fig.

2 and looking in the direction of the arrows; and Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 1, the construction of the setting of the masonry within which the twyer is seated being also indicated.

Referring to said drawings, 1 designates as a whole the usual bed of an ordinary forge, within the central portion of which is seated a twyer, designated asa whole Q, constituting a preferred embodiment of our invention. As shown, said twyer comprisesalower approximately cylindric casting 3, having a vertical axial passage 4:, wh ich extends entirely through said lower body, and a convolute passage 5, formed to extend horizontally in the upper portion of said body and openingatits inner 65 end into the axial passage et, as best indicated at 6 in Fig. 3. For convenience in casting said convolute passage is made open at its upper side and is closed by means of an upper body member 7, which is circular and provided with an axial opening 8, which registers with the axial passage 4, said body Inember 7 being desirably provided with an annular groove 9 in its under face, which receives the upper edge of the outer wall Il) of the lower body. The partition members 11 and 12, which define the convolute passage 5, are constructed to lit at their upper edges against the under surface of the body 7, so as to form a closed continuous convolute passage.

13 designates an inlet nozzle or pipe desirably cast integral with the lower member 3 and arranged to extend radially therefrom, the inner end of said pipe being arranged to communicate with the entrance end of the convolute passage, as indicated at 14 in Fig. 3. The outer end of said nozzle is desirably made flaring to receive the correspondinglytapered end of a valve-body, designated as a whole 15, and which will be hereinafter described.

The upper side of the top body 2 of the twyer is made concave, as indicated at 16, and is provided centrally of said concave portion with a circular rabbet or recess 17, within which is arranged to lit a blast-controlling cap 18, which preferably rises to a height approximately coincident with the top surface of the body 7. In practice we provide a plurality of such caps 18, severally adapted to fit within the upper body and provided with differently-formed outlet-apertures, which apertu res serve to determine the shape' and to a certain extent the volume of the blast escaping from the twyer. As shown in Fig. 5, the cap 18 is provided at points coincident with the concave surface 16 of the twyerbody with a plurality of radially-disposed outlet-apertures 19, which obviously distribute the blast in a substantially complete circle. As shown in Fig. 2, however, the cap 18 is imperforate at its side, but is provided at its top with a single transverse slot 20, which serves to form a long narrow blast.

As hereinbefore mentioned, the axial aperture 4 extends through the lower body 3 of the twyer, and the lower end'thereof is controlled and closed by means of a plugvalve 22, formed upon the end of a lever-handle 23, pivoted between its ends, as indicated at 24, to a suitable bracket 25, mounted upon the under side of the twyer or forge-foundation. A suitable spring 26 is arranged to hold the plug-valve normally in position to stop the end of the passage 4.

The valve 15, hereinbefore referred to, constitutes an auxiliary feature of the twyer and serves to regulate the supply of air passing from the bellows, the nozzle of whichis indicated at 27, to the twyer. Describing said valve, it comprises a main tubular body 28, constituting the valve-casing, tapered at one end, as indicated at 29, to t the inlet-pipe 13 of the twyer and enlarged at its opposite end 30 to receive the bellows-nozzle. Intermediate the length of said tubularbody is formed an enlargement or valve-chamber 31, the upper side of which is covered by a removable closure 3Q, affording access to the chamber. At the intersection of the inlet-passage 33 with the valve-chamber 31 is formed a downwardly and forwardly inclined valve-seat 34, with which is arranged to coperate a flapvalve 35, hinged at its upper edge, as indidicated at 36, to the Lipper portion of said seat and weighted, so as to tend to close promptly by gravity.

37 designates a valve controlling flever which conveniently and as herein shown takes the form of a bail, arranged to extend transversely within the valve-chamber, the lower transverse portion of the bail 38 being adapted to engage the outer or back side of the valvebody, while the arm portions 39 thereof are extended upwardly and then at right angles outwardly in axial alinement with each other to form pivot-supports, which extend out through suitable openings 40 in the side walls of the casing. One of said arms 39 is provided With an extension 41, constituting a lever-handle, which is arranged to coperate with a notched bar .or segment 42 to hold the bail in various positions of adjustment. When the lever-handle 42 is tilted forwardly to its limit of movement in that direction, the bail engages the upper side of the valve-body when in closed position and holds the latter firmly against Vits seat. When adjusted to various positions of inclination, the valve will be permitted to open varying distances, thereby determining and regulating the rate of escape of air from the bellows.

The arrangement and operation of the twyer and cooperating parts will be entirely obvious from the foregoing description, but may briefly be stated as follows: As shown clearly in Fig. 5, the twyer-body is seated in the foundation or masonry with its upper surface flush, or approximately flush, with the top surface of the forge-bed and the lower surface exposed at the under side of the forge-bed. The iire is built in the usual way upon the forge-bed, the fuel being piled over and upon the twyer-iron, and it will be obvious that the twyer-body will become highly heated throughout. The blast entering the twyerbody through the inlet-pipe 13 passesthrough the convolute passage into the axial passage 4 and thence out through the cap 18, being highly heated before it emerges, and therefore reaching the fire as a hot blast. It is found in practice that a hot blast is much more effective for welding and forging purposes and that the iron or steel is not detrimentally affected by the heating in the forge in cases where it would be seriously affected if heated by the use of the ordinary cold-blast forge. The use of caps 18, having various-shaped outlets and interchangeable, is a feature of considerable importance, since it enables the blast to be confined to a small area when so desired or to be distributed over a large area at will. This effects a material saving of fuel in addition to expediting the operation in many cases. The use of the auxiliary valve is important, because, among other reasons, it enables the forge to be operated with a comparatively small amount of air; it controls the blast to such an extent that it does not rush through the twyer-body too fast, and is therefore properly heated, and it causes the bellows to act more uniformly or with lesser fluctuations in the blast.

While we have herein shown and described what we deem to be a preferred embodiment of our invention, yet it will be understood that the details of construction may be modified without departing from the invention, and we do not, therefore, limit ourselves to these details of construction except to the extent that they are made the subject ofspecific claims.

We claim as our invention- 1. A twyer for forges comprisinga two-part metal body separable in ahorizontal plane, the upper body being made massive to forma heatconductor of relatively large capacity, and said members constructed to form a convolute inleading-passage communicating at its outer end with the exteriorl of the body and terminating at its inner end in an axial opening extending vertically entirelythrough the twyerbody, the walls ot' said eonvolute passage being' in direct contact with the upper massive member so as to receive heat therefrom, an inlet-pipe communicating with the outer end ot' said convolute passage, a detachable cap let into the upper side otl the upper member, controlling the outlet end of said axial passage, and a valve controlling' the lower end otl said ixial passage.

2. A twyer For forges comprising a two-part metal body separable to form upper and lower body members and provided with a vertical ixial passage therethrough, the upper member made massive to form a heat-conductor ot' relativelyY large capacity, said members con- Vstrueted to Vform a convolute inleading-passage aetween the meeting portions thereof, which )erminates in said axial passage and thewalls )t which are in metallic connection with the -ipper member so as to receive heat therefrom, t detachable cap provided with openings :herein controlling the delivery end ot' said Lxial passage, a valve controlling' the opposite and thereof, said controlling-cap being' seated within the upper surface of the upper body nember approximately flush with the topsurjace ot' the latter, and said body member beng recessed around the upper portion ot' the :ap to expose the lateral openings through the atter.

3. [n a twyer for forges, a twyer-body consisting ot' two main castings separable horizontally to vform upper and lower members )oth otl which are ot' massive construction to orm heatfconductors, said body members constructed to form a tortuous inleading-passage between their meetingl portions which terminates in a vertical passage through said members, a detachable washer-plate applied to the exposed lower end of the lower twyer-body and serving to hold the twyer in position, a lever pivot-support mounted upon said plate, a lever mounted thereon, and a stopper-valve carried by the end ot' said lever and controlling said vertical passage, substantially as described.

4. ln combination with a twyer it'or 'forges com prising` a metal body provided with a tortuous and extended inleading air-passage and an inlet-pipe communicating therewith, a Hapvalve interposed in said inlet-pipe, and means for positively and adjustably limiting' the extent of opening' ot' said valve.

5. In combination with a twyer for 'forges comprising' a metal body provided with a tortuous and extended inleading air-passage and an inlet-pipe communicating'therewith, a flapvalve interposed in said inlet-pipe, and means for positively and ad justably limiting the extent of opening of said valve comprising' an oscillatory bail the arms whereot'are pivotally engaged with the sidewalls of the valve-chamber and the intermediate portion thereof adapted to engage and form a stop limiting the opening' movement ot the valve, one of said pivot-arms being provided with an extension constituting' a lever-handle, and a notched segment with which said lever-handle copcrates.

JOHN C H Rl STI AN. LOUIS S. JUDD. Nritnesses:

JouN C. BLAKE, R. H. BLAKF. 

